Publication Summary
Twelve participants viewed a visual target placed in 6 vertical locations ranging from 30 degrees above to 60 degrees below horizontal eye level. This range of vertical target location was associated with a 37 degrees change in head orientation, and a 53 degrees change in gaze angle with respect to the head. The change in head orientation was predominantly achieved through changes in atlanto-occipital posture. Consideration of these data in light of preferred gaze angle data, and neck muscle length/tension relationships, suggests that visual targets should be located at least 15 degrees below horizontal eye level.
CAER Authors

Prof. Mark Mon-Williams
University of Leeds - Chair in Cognitive Psychology